Paper birch

Betula papyrifera 路 Betulaceae 路 also White birch, Canoe birch

A northern tree famous for chalk-white bark that peels in papery strips to show orange-pink beneath, with dark green leaves that turn bright yellow. It grows fast when young, often as a multi-trunked clump, and is the state tree of New Hampshire. South of about zone 6 it is short-lived because summer heat stresses it and bronze birch borer finishes it off.

Broadleaf, drops leavesFast growingFull sunLikes water
Paper birch
InAweofGod'sCreation, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Where it stands

Native

  • 馃嚚馃嚘 Canada 路 Native in every province and territory except Nunavut.source
  • 馃嚭馃嚫 United States 路 Native across Alaska and the northern states from Washington to Maine, with outliers south to North Carolina and New Mexico (more than 15 states); state tree of New Hampshire.source

Care

Plant in full sun with the roots in cool, mulched, consistently moist soil; a soaker hose in dry summers is worthwhile. Prune only when fully dormant or in late summer, never in spring when it bleeds. Bronze birch borer (D-shaped exit holes, dieback from the top) attacks stressed trees; birch leafminer and aphids are cosmetic.

Benefits

Fall colorFast canopyWildlifeBirdsPollinatorsSalt tolerant

Good for

Yard shadeparksReforestation

Watch out for

Short livedPest proneSurface roots