Boxelder

Acer negundo 路 Sapindaceae 路 also Manitoba maple, Ash-leaved maple

A fast, irregular, round-crowned tree and the only native maple with compound leaves, with green young twigs and little fall color. Female trees carry heavy clusters of winged seeds all winter and seed themselves everywhere, and the weak, multi-trunked wood breaks in storms and ice. It is a prairie windbreak staple and a pioneer on waste ground, but nurseries rarely sell it; male cultivars like 'Kelly's Gold' and 'Flamingo' avoid seeds and boxelder bugs.

Broadleaf, drops leavesFast growingSun or part shadeModerate water
Boxelder
CK Kelly, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Where it stands

Native

  • 馃嚚馃嚘 Canada 路 Native to Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and northwestern Ontario; naturalized throughout southern Ontario.source
  • 馃嚭馃嚫 United States 路 Native across most of the US east of the Rockies and in parts of the Southwest (more than 15 states).source

Invasive

  • 馃嚚馃嚘 ON, Canada 路 Ontario Invasive Plant Council treats Manitoba maple as invasive in Ontario riparian and urban areas; its native status in southern Ontario is uncertain and ontario.ca calls it invasive across much of its range.source

Care

Needs little care; plant male cultivars to avoid seed litter and boxelder bugs, which breed on female trees and invade houses in fall. Prune for structure when dormant and expect storm cleanup. Anthracnose, powdery mildew, cankers and borers occur.

Benefits

Fast canopyFlood tolerantDrought tolerantWindbreakWildlifeBirdsEdible

Good for

WindbreakStreambanksReforestation

Watch out for

Weak woodShort livedMessy fruitAllergenic pollenToxic partsInvasive elsewhere