{"slug":"pseudotsuga-menziesii","scientific_name":"Pseudotsuga menziesii","common_names":["Douglas-fir","Douglas fir","Oregon pine"],"family":"Pinaceae","type":"conifer","mature_height_m":25,"mature_spread_m":6,"growth_rate":"medium","lifespan_years":500,"hardiness_zones":[4,6],"sun":"full","water":"medium","soil":"Acidic to neutral, moist, well-drained, organically rich loam; intolerant of drought and heat","native_range":"Western North America: the coast variety from west-central British Columbia to central California, and the Rocky Mountain variety inland from central British Columbia and Alberta south through Idaho, Montana and the Rockies to Arizona, New Mexico and Mexico.","description":"The signature conifer of the Pacific Northwest and Oregon's state tree: narrow and pyramidal when young, becoming a tall column with deeply furrowed red-brown bark and branches only in the upper crown. Soft flat needles are fragrant when crushed and the hanging cones have three-pointed bracts peeking out like mouse tails. In yards it is a big, long-lived tree for large lots, parks and screens; Portland lists it as an approved street tree for the widest planting strips.","care":"Plant in full sun in deep, well-drained soil and water consistently for the first few years; it does not tolerate drought, heat or humid summers. Prune only dead or hazardous limbs. Douglas-fir beetle, bark beetles, aphids, needle casts and root rots are the main problems; give it room, since it drops lower limbs and cones.","benefits":["shade","wildlife","birds","windbreak","long_lived","carbon"],"uses":["parks","yard_shade","screening","timber","reforestation","street_tree"],"cautions":["heavy_litter","large_roots"],"image_url":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Pseudotsuga_menziesii_4584.JPG","image_credit":"Walter Siegmund (talk), CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons","sources":["https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/pseudotsuga-menziesii/","https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudotsuga_menziesii"],"data_note":null,"updated_at":"2026-11-08T01:00:46.205Z","page_url":"https://treerm.org/trees/pseudotsuga-menziesii","markdown_url":"https://treerm.org/trees/pseudotsuga-menziesii.md","regions":[{"country":"CA","region":"AB","locality":null,"status":"native","note":"Rocky Mountain variety.","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"CA","region":"BC","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"AZ","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"CA","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"CO","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"ID","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"MT","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"NM","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"NV","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"OR","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"TX","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"UT","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"WA","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"WY","locality":null,"status":"native","note":null,"source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PSME"},{"country":"US","region":"OR","locality":"Portland","status":"recommended","note":"On Portland's approved street tree list for planting strips 8.5 ft and wider, marked native; needs ample growing space.","source_url":"https://www.portland.gov/trees/85-foot-wide-and-greater-planting-spaces-without-high-voltage-power-lines"}],"license":"CC-BY-4.0"}